Lula bei Xi: Aufwertung zur comprehensive strategic partnership und das „indische Jahrzehnt“
Interessant, wie der Spiegel über den Lulabesuch bei Xi informiert, auch wenn man das mit der Global Times vergleicht. Bestenfalls eine Randnotiz Die GT widmet da Lula breiten Raum, die Kooperationsgebiete sind sehr breit von der neuen BRICS-Entwicklubgsbank, die jetzt die brasilianische Ex-Prasidentin Rouseff leiten wird und die Weltbank verdrängen soll, der Forderung nach einer Dedollariskerung und einem parallelen Finanzsystems ,zur wirtschaftlichen Kooperation (300 Konzernchefs reisten mit Lula, bei Macron 60 inklusive dem deutsch-französischen/europäischen Airbus, bei Van der Leyen?), Brasiliens Engagement in der Global Security Initiative, die Dr. Evan Ellis vom US Army War College in seinem Beitrag „What China’s Global Security Initiative Tells Us About Its Strategic Engagement with Latin America“ als Herausbildung militärischer Sicherheitsstrukturen in LA um die CELAC als Gegenpol zu die von den USA dominierte OAS beschreibt, wie auch Lulas Peace Club,und auch die Ankündigung Chinas die Beziehungen zu Brasilien von einer Strategic Partnership zu einer Comprehensive Strategic Partnership aufzuwerten und auszubauen. Kommt alles im Spiegelartikel nicht vor. Stattdessen scheinbar nur Klimaschutz und die Kritik ausgerechnet Chinas im Verbund mit Brasilien an ausbleibenden Klimaschutzreperationen der westlichen Industrieländer, zumal sich China ja noch als Entwicklungsland und Global South und dessen Stimme geriert. AbeR eine elegante Weise den Özdemir/Habeckbesuch in Lateinamerikas und das EU-Mecusorfreihandelsabkommen zu konterkarieren, wobei die Vorwürfe ja nicht außer Luft gegriffen ,sondern real scheinen. Nur sollte China nicht mit Steinen werfen, wenn es im Glashaus sitzt.
Zweiter Asienrelevanter Spiegelartikel des Tages:
„Die neue Supermacht
Indien hat jetzt 1.425.775.850 Einwohner – mehr als China
An diesem Freitag löst Indien mit mehr als 1,4 Milliarden Menschen China als bevölkerungsreichste Nation der Welt ab. Bald soll es die drittgrößte Volkswirtschaft der Welt werden. Bricht das indische Jahrzehnt an?“
Scheinbar haben die Inder ein sehr erfassungsgenaues Statistisches Bevölkerungsamt, wenn bei dem ersten Inder, der Chinas Bevölkerungszahl übertrumpft, auch das exakte Datum (Freitag) angegeben werden kann. Aber ist Bevölkerungszahl schon die Garantie für ein“indisches Jahrzehnt“? Wirtschaftlich sieht es ja mit Indien auch nicht so toll aus.Modi will bisher auch kein Freihandelsabkommen mit der EU noch Chinas RCEP beitreten,zudem IndiensWirtschaft noch wesentlich kleiner als die Chinas ist. Das kann sich im Zuge des Derisking und der Diversifizierung natürlich ändern, aber hängt zum einen von dem Investitionsklima und Wirtschaftsreformen ab, zum anderen ist trotzdem die Frage, ob es China nun als Werkbank der Welt ablösen wird, ja auch ob man dann nicht vom Regen in die Traufe kommt. Zwar wird Indien gerne als die größte Demokratie der Welt bezeichnet, aber wer garantiert, dass Modi nicht zum Autokraten wird, zumal seine hindunationalistische BJP ja aus dem faschistischen RSS hervorgegangen ist wie ähnlich einst ErbakansWohlfahrtspartei und Erdogans AKP aus der islamistischen Milli Görus hervorgingen. Zumal Modi gerade Oppositionspolitiker Ghandi von der Kongresspartei mit Gerichtsverfahren überzieht, die Pressefreiheit einschränkt und andere Oppositionspolitiker einsperren lässt. Zwar verglichen mit dem neototalitären China immer noch harmlos,aber die Tendenz besteht trotz allem. Das passt halt nicht so schön in Biden’s Alliance of Democracies und das bisherige Indienbild als der größte Demokratie der Welt. Zudem istIndien Atommacht, gehört aber nicht dem UN- Sicherhetsrat an, drängt auf eine UNO-Reform, ist in den G-20 aktiv, hat in diesem Jahr deren Vorsitz, unterhält traditionell gute Kontakte zu Russland, ist mit China Russland , Pakistan und Iran Mitglied der SCO und der BRICS, umgekehrt aber auch mit Japan und Australien Mitglied des US- geführten Quads, der sich gegen China richtet. Zudem kommt es noch aus der Tradition der Blockfreienbewegung, die einst von Nehru, Nasser, Sukarno und Tito angeführt wurde. Indien vollführt da eine Politik des „strategic balancing“ (indischer Ex-General Asthana), das zwischen den Weltmächten USA und China eine eigene Rolle spielen will-ähnlich wie die Erdogan-Türkei, Lula- Brasilie oder nun auch MBS- Saudiarabien.
Hier noch ein Vergleich zwischen dem Spiegelartikel und den Artikeln der Global Times zum Lulabesuch bei Xi und was man alles nicht erfährt, wobei auch der Global Times mehr durch Propagandaphrasen, denn wirklich detailierte Informationen AUFFÄLLT:
„Auf Staatsbesuch in China Lula und Xi wollen Handelsbeziehungen stärken
Brasiliens Präsident Lula ist zu Besuch in Peking. Mit Präsident Xi sprach er über Handel und Vermittlungsmöglichkeiten im Ukrainekrieg – und kritisiert Industrieländer für ihre ausbleibende Klimafinanzierung.
15.04.2023, 00.16 Uhr
Brasiliens Präsident Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva ist zu einem Staatsbesuch in Peking eingetroffen. Der Linkspolitiker wurde am Freitagnachmittag von Chinas Staatschef Xi Jinping auf dem rotem Teppich vor der Großen Halle des Volkes in Peking begrüßt, wo eine Militärkapelle die Nationalhymnen beider Länder spielte.
China und Brasilien teilten »umfangreiche gemeinsame Interessen«, sagte Xi bei einem anschließenden Treffen der beiden Politiker laut einer von Staatsmedien verbreiteten Mitteilung des chinesischen Außenministeriums. Demnach haben aus Xis Sicht die Beziehungen zwischen beiden Ländern »hohe diplomatische Priorität«.
China ist Brasiliens wichtigster Handelspartner, das Handelsvolumen zwischen beiden Staaten belief sich im vergangenen Jahr auf 150 Milliarden Dollar. Die Entwicklung Chinas schaffe neue Chancen für Brasilien, sagte Xi. Lula strebt überdies eine Stärkung der bilateralen Beziehungen zwischen Brasilien und China an, die unter seinem rechtsradikalen Vorgänger Jair Bolsonaro stark gelitten hatten.
Vermittlungsmöglichkeiten im Ukrainekrieg
Bei den Gesprächen zwischen Lula und Xi sollte es um eine Stärkung der Handelsbeziehungen gehen, aber auch um Vermittlungsmöglichkeiten im Ukrainekrieg. Beide Länder haben jeweils eigene Initiativen für ein Ende der Gewalt vorgelegt. So strebt Brasilien die Bildung einer Gruppe von Staaten an, die im Konflikt vermitteln sollen. In diesen Bemühungen betrachtet Lula Peking als wichtigen Partner.
Kritik an Industrieländern
Außerdem haben China und Brasilien haben die Industrieländer zur Einhaltung ihrer Klimazusagen aufgefordert. Diese Staaten sollten »ihren noch nicht erfüllten Verpflichtungen zur Klimafinanzierung nachkommen« und einen »klaren Fahrplan für die Verdopplung der Anpassungsfinanzierung« vorlegen, erklärten die Staatschefs beider Länder. Beide zeigten sich »sehr besorgt« darüber, dass die Industriestaaten bisher nicht ihrer 2009 eingegangenen Verpflichtung nachgekommen sind, jährlich 100 Milliarden Dollar (rund 90 Milliarden Euro) für Klimaschutz und -anpassung bereitzustellen.
Ursprünglich sollte Lula bereits Ende März nach China reisen, der Plan wurde aber wegen einer »leichten Lungenentzündung« verschoben.
China, Brazil share positive roles in peace, development
By GT staff reporters Published: Apr 14, 2023 06:49 PM
Photo:Xinhua
While expressing confidence in the sound and steady growth of China-Brazil relationship, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed the need for China and Brazil to support each other in exploring their own paths for development and highlighted the two countries‘ positive role in promoting global peace, stability and prosperity, while meeting with visiting Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva on Friday. Analysts hailed the top leaders‘ meeting as offering clear guidance for future development of ties and allowing the two countries to better engage in global governance.
On Friday, President Xi met with visiting Lula in Beijing, during which he called him an old friend on more than one occasion and said he is ready to work with Lula from their strategic vantage point to steer and create a new future for China-Brazil relations in the new era, and to deliver greater benefits to the two peoples.
President Xi noted that as comprehensive strategic partners, China and Brazil share extensive common interests. China always views and develops relations with Brazil from a strategic and long-term perspective, and sees the relationship as a high priority on its diplomatic agenda.
Xi expressed his confidence that a China-Brazil relationship that continues to enjoy sound and steady growth is bound to play an important and positive role for peace, stability and prosperity in their regions and beyond.
Brazilian President Lula said he was honored and proud to head a large delegation on his fourth visit to China. This is his first visit outside the Americas since being elected President last year. This choice reflects Brazil’s affection for China and commitment to Brazil-China relations.
China is an indispensable force in global politics, economy and trade, science and technology, and plays a vital role in promoting world peace and development. Brazil is committed to building closer relations with China from the strategic perspective of shaping a just and equitable international order, said Lula, expressing his full confidence that Brazil-China relations would embrace a brighter future.
„With this visit, Lula aims to send a clear and firm signal that China-Brazil relations under his tenure will reach new historical heights,“ Pan Deng, executive director of the Latin American and Caribbean Region Law Center of China University of Political Science and Law, told the Global Times on Friday.
The fact that Lula can overcome international and domestic voices of opposition and his own health issues to visit as he just marked his 100th day in office is telling, said Pan.
After Lula took office, the atmosphere for political dialogue between China and Brazil has changed, Zhou Zhiwei, an expert on Latin American studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), told the Global Times.
China-Brazil relations had seen „cool politics but warm economy“ under the previous right-wing President Jair Bolsonaro, while analysts predict the two countries will embrace a „warm politics and economy“ after President Lula’s visit, as political trust has been greatly enhanced and the comprehensive strategic partnership enriched, analysts said.
After the meeting of the two top leaders on Friday, China and Brazil released a joint statement on deepening their comprehensive strategic partnership.
Photo:Xinhua
Wider economic exchanges
Economic and trade cooperation was among the top items on Lula’s agenda. During the talks on Friday, the two leaders called for deeper bilateral cooperation in traditional as well as new areas.
The two leaders also witnessed the signing of several bilateral cooperation documents that cover a wide range of areas, including trade and investment, the digital economy, and information and telecommunication.
China-Brazil trade will not only increase in volume but also expand in scope, especially when the two countries are working to boost economic recovery in the post-pandemic era, analysts said.
„Lula’s visit to China has greatly promoted the breadth and depth of bilateral trade and investment,“ Wang Youming, director of the Institute of Developing Countries at the China Institute of International Studies in Beijing, told the Global Times on Friday.
Wang noted that cooperation in traditional fields, such as minerals and agricultural products (soybeans, corn and meat), will be further consolidated. In emerging fields, such as digital economy, green economy and high-tech, the two sides will expand cooperation to form a scenario in which traditional and new trade goes hand in hand.
During the bilateral talks on Friday, Lula mentioned his visit to Huawei and said he was impressed by China’s achievements in areas such as 5G, expressing hope for cooperation in relevant areas.
Wang said that China-Brazil cooperation in the field of science and technology such as semiconductors, chips, 5G and satellites is of great significance, particularly in countering the US‘ technological hegemony.
„In particular, Lula’s visit to Huawei’s research institute in Shanghai sent a strong signal to the outside world that Brazil will implement strategic independence and conduct in-depth scientific and technological cooperation with China. This move has a demonstration effect, and more developing countries will follow Brazil’s example in the future,“ Wang said.
Shared pursuit for peace
Zhou Zhiwei at the CASS noted that the greater importance of Xi and Lula’s meeting lies in the communication between two major developing countries on regional and global affairs and joint expression of their understanding of peaceful governance.
President Xi stressed China’s firm support for Latin American and Caribbean countries to cement the sound momentum of peace, stability, independence and said China will step up strategic coordination with Brazil on global issues of mutual interest in the UN, BRICS, the G20 and other multilateral institutions, and enhance coordination on climate response.
Xi and Lula also exchanged views on the Ukraine crisis and both agreed that dialogue and negotiations are the only feasible way for settling it. They appealed to more countries to play a constructive role for a political settlement of the Ukraine crisis.
Pan Deng said that it is easier for China and Brazil, both developing countries and BRICS members, to find common ground on the Ukraine crisis. With rich political experience, Lula has a deep understanding of the global situation. His visit itself and its outcome show that Brazil is willing to join hands with China on the path of safeguarding multilateralism.
Alessandro Golombiewski Teixeira, former Brazilian minister of tourism and former special economic advisor to the president of Brazil, said that instead of believing in a hegemonic world ruled by one country, both China and Brazil believe in multilateralism and international relations based on equality. The two leaderships from China and Brazil share a common vision in terms of world development, which also promotes bilateral cooperation.
Lula’s fruitful visit to China has also attracted global attention, as their joint efforts inject positive impetus into the world amid increasing turbulence and instability.
There is a need to have more weight from the Global South at international institutes and platforms, including IMF, and G20. The more Western countries boycott the voice of the South, the more institutions like BRICS and SCO will grow in influence and scope, Marco Fernandes, a researcher at the Tricontinental Institute for Social Research, co-editor of Dongsheng Collective, and member of No Cold War Campaign, told the Global Times.
Timofei Bordachev, the program director for Moscow-based Valdai Club in Russia, hailed cooperation between Brazil and China for moving in the direction of strengthening their own independence.
BRICS is becoming a pillar of democratic global governance and is attracting the attention of more countries. Bordachev told the Global Times that „There is now a unique opportunity to create an infrastructure of global governance that does not depend on a single decision-making center – it can become the basis of a new international order.“
https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202304/1289165.shtml
“Brazil’s President Lula to start highly expected China visit
By Liu Xin and Liu Yang Published: Apr 11, 2023 03:12 PM
Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Photo: VCG
Amid a busy spring diplomatic schedule, China will welcome another old friend – Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who will pay a state visit to China from Wednesday to Saturday.
Lula’s visit carries the great expectation that China and Brazil, both developing countries and emerging economies, will usher in a new era for bilateral relations and inject positive impetus into the world, observers said.
Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin said on Tuesday’s routine press briefing the fact that President Lula da Silva will lead a large delegation to China on his state visit so soon after his recovery speaks to the high importance both sides attach to this visit and our bilateral relations.
China stands ready to work together with the Brazilian side and take this visit as an opportunity to upgrade our mutually beneficial friendly cooperation in various sectors and bring more positive energy to developing countries‘ solidarity, cooperation and joint response to global challenges, the spokesperson said.
Lula was scheduled to arrive in Shanghai on Tuesday and then go to Beijing to meet with Chinese leaders. The four-day visit was rescheduled after the previous plan was postponed as Lula was diagnosed with flu and pneumonia, according to the Brazilian government.
This is Lula’s fifth visit to China and his first trip outside the Western hemisphere during his third term in office starting January 2023.
Lula, as a left-wing leader, has attached great importance to China-Brazil relations as during his previous term, cooperation on trade and economy as well as people-to-people exchanges witnessed fruitful outcomes, analysts said, expressing high expectation for upgrading relations during Lula’s visit.
The Brazilian delegation to China, in terms of its size and composition, is different from the one going with Lula to the US in February. Besides ministers, officials and businesspeople, many congressmen of the opposition have also joined in the visit, highlighting that boosting friendliness with China has become an inter-party consensus, Wang Youming, director of the Institute of Developing Countries at the China Institute of International Studies in Beijing, told the Global Times on Tuesday.
Lula visited the US and met with US President Joe Biden in February where the Brazilian delegation was disappointed at the US‘ insufficient help to combat Amazon deforestation and its lack of enthusiasm for Lula’s offer to help broker peace between Russia and Ukraine, according to a Guardian report in March.
Closer ties
The original delegation that was to accompany Lula included 240 representatives from ministers in different sectors, state governors, senators and congressmen. After the president postponed the visit, some companies traveled to China in advance.
It is expected Lula’s visit will push the bilateral relations to a new level, with great possibility for the two sides to sign a slew of cooperation documents on trade and investment, finance, infrastructure and also on the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative, Sun Yanfeng, a research fellow at the Institute of Latin American Studies of the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, told the Global Times on Tuesday.
Around 20 bilateral agreements are anticipated to be signed during Lula’s visit. One of them is for the construction of CBERS-6, the sixth in a line of satellites that have been built by Brazil and China together,according to the Brazilian government.
Agricultural cooperation is expected to be another focus during Lula’s trip. Brazil has rich farm products including soybeans and beef, which are in great demand in the Chinese market, Zhou Zhiwei, an expert on Latin American studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told the Global Times on Tuesday.
China’s advanced technology in 6G and semiconductor will also help Brazil achieve a new round of industrialization and bring new impetus to bilateral cooperation, said Zhou, who also saw cooperation under the BRI as a highlight.
Zhou noted that yuan clearing deal between China and Brazil will also be a focus during the visit. Such a move will further promote bilateral economic ties by reducing trading costs and enhancing resilience to international financial market turbulence, as monetary policies in some developed countries is now increasingly politicized.
As members of the BRICS, China and Brazil, through developing economic ties, will promote the integration within the BRICS and also drive the global economic recovery, analysts said.
Unity of developing countries
The two countries have prospects of cooperation on international affairs, especially on defending and promoting multilateralism, as both hope to speed up the reforms on international institutions to make them better fit the current global situations and the interests of developing countries, said analysts.
The Ukraine crisis is likely to be on Lula’s agenda. The Financial Times reported on March 24 that Lula will propose a „peace club“ with China to mediate an end to the conflict when he visits China.
Lula has expressed hope to broker the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and his view to de-escalate the conflict instead of fanning flames is akin to China’s stance, Wang Youming said. The international community is interested in what kind of approach the two major developing countries in the East and West hemispheres may come up with to facilitate global governance and mediate geopolitical conflicts, Wang said.
However, such unity of developing countries is not what the US wants to see, analysts said as they warned the necessity to keep vigilant to US‘ attempt to sow discords.
China and Brazil, as true defenders of multilateralism, hope to solve disputes and conflicts via peaceful negotiations, and their cooperation will inject positivity to global stability, said Sun Yanfeng of China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations.
https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202304/1288872.shtml
“World will witness power of peace, development during Lula’s China visit: Global Times editorial
By Global Times Published: Apr 12, 2023 12:42 AM
China and Brazil. Photo: VCG
Brazil’s President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, „an old friend of the Chinese people,“ starts his state visit to China on Wednesday. This is Lula’s fifth visit to China, his first visit to a country outside the Americas since he took office as the president in January and his fastest trip to China as the Brazilian president. The Brazilian side has high expectations for Lula’s visit, saying that it would be a state visit of „economic, trade and political importance.“ There are also widespread expectations that China-Brazil relations will enter a new phase of „close political and economic relations.“ Under the strategic leadership of the two heads of state, China and Brazil, side by side, will show the world a model of South-South cooperation in depth.
Public opinion generally notes two outstanding features of Lula’s China trip this time. The first feature is that the lineup accompanying Lula is impressive. At the official level, this visit includes senior officials from various important departments. The number of visiting members of the Brazilian Congress has increased from, initially, 27 to 39, and the President of the Brazilian Senate will also come to China. In the political ecology of Latin America, such „political unanimity“ is rare. At the business level, despite a mega-delegation consisting of more than 200 entrepreneurs, more companies still hope to join the group and hundreds of business representatives have already „flocked to China“ before Lula’s visit. All these show that Brazil, from the political arena to the society, has a burning expectation for the development of China-Brazil relations. Second, Lula’s visit to China was previously postponed due to the president’s health. Right after he has recovered, Lula travels to China with a full schedule. It can be said that he comes to China with full sincerity, which also foretells that the results of cooperation between the two countries will be comprehensive in multiple areas.
As the two largest developing countries in the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, China and Brazil clearly share common interests beyond the high degree of complementarity in the economic and trade fields. Both countries face the heavy responsibility of economic and social development, and Brazil has, on many occasions, expressed its desire to learn from China in areas such as poverty reduction. By strengthening strategic alignment and coordination, China and Brazil will jointly promote the historical process of developing countries‘ pursuit of modernization on their respective paths.
At the same time, both countries are important members of organizations and mechanisms such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and BRICS. Close communication and coordination between the two countries will help safeguard the overall interests of developing countries and promote the development of the international order toward greater fairness, justice and rationality. In this sense, China-Brazil relations have gone beyond the bilateral scope and have important global influence.
Brazil has a population of over 200 million and is a „big player“ among Latin American countries, as well as an important emerging economic power. After his third inauguration as President of Brazil, Lula vowed to „make Brazil a global player“ and showed great ambition as a major power. China strongly supports this, and we sincerely hope that Brazil, as a leader among developing countries, will play a greater constructive role in the international community.
Many Western media and public opinion, when discussing Brazil’s grand strategy, always focus on whether it should „lean toward“ the US or China. This discussion itself is extremely disrespectful to Brazil and is full of short-sighted and narrow-minded hegemonic attitudes. China is also a victim of hegemonism and never points fingers at Brazil’s internal and external affairs. Moreover, we believe that Brazilians themselves are the ones who know best where their interests lie.
It’s worth noting that the outside world has paid much attention to whether Lula will discuss the Ukraine crisis with China during his visit. Prior to meeting with US President Joe Biden, Lula proposed a peace plan called the „Peace Club,“ which suggested the formation of a multilateral organization including countries such as China and India to mediate conflicts and called for respect for China’s prominent role in safeguarding world peace and mediating international conflicts. Although the US reacted coldly, the international community has broad expectations for China and Brazil to work together to promote peace talks. Ahead of his visit, Lula reiterated that he would discuss the possibility of ending the Ukraine crisis through dialogue with China. In fact, neither China nor Brazil is a party to the Russia-Ukraine conflict. However, both countries have similar views on urging peace talks, which shows that although the West is still fanning the flames, the voice of the international community’s peace forces is growing louder.
The Chinese people like Brazil, a passionate and lively country, and they welcome President Lula’s visit. Previously, China had expressed its expectations for Lula’s visit with some „news“: to open up new prospects in China-Brazil relations in the new era at the heads-of-state level, bring the comprehensive strategic partnership to a new height, and make new contributions to regional and global stability and prosperity. We expect that based on traditional bilateral trade and multilateral cooperation, the friendship between China and Brazil could further flourish in a new historical stage, shining in the light of mutual learning among civilizations and bringing more new inspirations to the development of human society.
https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202304/1288951.shtml
What China’s Global Security Initiative Tells Us About Its Strategic Engagement with Latin America